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Author Topic:   Help with Identification of Item/Origin
doc

Posts: 728
Registered: Jul 2003

iconnumber posted 07-31-2004 04:45 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for doc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I got the following item in a box lot. It clearly had a handle at one point in time; it looks to me like a straining spoon that perhaps had once had a baleen handle, but I've never seen one before.

It has marks that are entirely too small to photograph-I can barely read them with a 30x loupe. In the bowl on the front is a mark of WR followed either by an 80 or BO in a rectangle. On the reverse side, right next to the area where the handle would have gone in is an impressed key mark with open trefoil back to the key and another mark that looks to be either a sword or perhaps a torch.

Any ideas as to age and country of origin would be most welcome.


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akgdc

Posts: 289
Registered: Sep 2001

iconnumber posted 08-03-2004 11:38 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for akgdc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
It appears to be a 19th-century continental European piece, probably a sugar sifter rather than a strainer (and the handle probably would have been wood, not baleen). But it's impossible to tell its exact origins without seeing the hallmarks. Could you post pictures of them?

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dragonflywink

Posts: 993
Registered: Dec 2002

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 01:41 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for dragonflywink     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Hi there,

Pretty piece, what's the size? Looks to me like it might be a tea strainer. Wood, ivory or bone would have been most likely used for the handle. Could the marks be the Dutch sword/dagger assay mark and the key export mark? (Would scan pictures, but my scanner is down.) If so, the marks were used 1814-1953, though seemingly a bit haphazardly. Difficult to date unless there happens to be a single-letter date code present.

Cheryl

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doc

Posts: 728
Registered: Jul 2003

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 08:46 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for doc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The piece is about 3 1/2 inches in diameter. Unfortunately, the hallmarks are REALLY small and my camera will not pick them up. I have looked at them through a 30x jewelers loupe, and I can barely make them out, but see my first posting for a description of the marks.

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doc

Posts: 728
Registered: Jul 2003

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 08:49 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for doc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Dutch marks would make sense-it does look like a dagger and the other mark is a key. I was thinking it was a tea strainer as well because of the somewhat oval shape, which would allow the edges to sit on a cup.

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Kimo

Posts: 1627
Registered: Mar 2003

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 09:08 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Kimo     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The reticulations seems terribly big for it to be a tea strainer. I should imagine a lot of tea would just go through them. Some kind of sifter or perhaps a spoon for something served in a liquid that you wanted to drain before putting it on a plate (we just use slotted spoons these days) seems more practical in my mind.

As for its handle, I suppose that if one could determine its age it might be narrowed down a bit, assuming there is no residue of the original handle stuck up inside the socket. Perhaps others more expert than I on this board might come up with a better thought, but given the microscopic touchmarks my impression is that it may not have much age. Making a die that will produce a well formed microscopic touchmark takes a bit of technology. Hopefully someone on the forum will be able to say when these kinds of micro markings were first used?

[This message has been edited by Kimo (edited 08-04-2004).]

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akgdc

Posts: 289
Registered: Sep 2001

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 09:32 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for akgdc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The Dutch attribution makes sense. And yes, various nations did use tiny hallmarks in the 19th century -- and the French used them in the 18th century -- though the question of how these dies were created is indeed a good one.

If you search for "sugar sifter" on eBay, you should find a few pieces with pierced bowls similar to yours. As I understand it, these spoons, popular from the late 18th to late 19th centuries, were used to sprinkle powdered sugar over pastries or other desserts. French, Dutch, and other continental European examples often have turned wooden handles, while British and American ones almost always have integral silver handles. The wide rim on the bowl is, I believe, mainly a Dutch and German feature.

Stylistically, this looks like it falls somewhere in the range of 1820-1860.

Sugar sifters are not uncommon pieces, but they are attractive and interesting, and given the variety of decoration, I'm surprised they are not more sought after by collectors.

[This message has been edited by akgdc (edited 08-04-2004).]

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wev
Moderator

Posts: 4121
Registered: Apr 99

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 10:45 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for wev     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Don't make the mistake of equating sophisticated mechanical ability with modernity. William Caslon, in the 1740s, cut the punches for a font of 4 point greek type; that's a capital letter less than 1/16" tall and a lowercase about half that. I have seen text printed in the face; it is elegant and readable.

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wev
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iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 10:54 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for wev     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
If you have a copy of Tardy, look at the Netherland sword mark for .833 purity used on small articles, 1814-1953 (page 321 in the paperback ed).

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dragonflywink

Posts: 993
Registered: Dec 2002

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 02:00 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for dragonflywink     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Oops! Quite right about the piercing being too open for tea. Also the oval shape (thought it was just the angle of the photo) wouldn't be right for a tea strainer. akgdc - I don't usually think of sugar sifters as being this large, how long do suppose the handle was? Makes me want to cook up a batch of French toast and try it out!

Cheryl ;o)

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Kimo

Posts: 1627
Registered: Mar 2003

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 02:49 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Kimo     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I stand corrected on the micro dies - many thanks!

Does anyone know how they might have been able to make these in with only 18th or even early 19th century technology and what is the earliest date known for them?

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wev
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iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 04:24 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for wev     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Same way they still do: with files, gravers, counter punches, and great patience. I only mentioned Caslon because his is the earliest "really small" type I happen to be familiar with. He at least had the advantage of a good magnifying glass. For just basic small, you can go back to the second italic cut by Griffo in 1465 for the Venetian publisher Aldus. It was about 4 points tall in the lower case.

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wev
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iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 04:27 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for wev     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Too large for tea, but just right for straining a punch filled with cut fruit.

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kayvee
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iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 04:53 PM           Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
There is a travelling exhibit on French 18th century sugar sifter spoons in Europe right now, called "Les cuillers à sucre du XVIIIème siècle: chefs d'oeuvre de l'orfèvrerie française." The catalog of the exhibit by Bilgi Kenber and others has the same title and is available through www.amazon.fr. I recommend just bringing up a picture of the cover of this book to see some beautiful sugar sifters. They are a popular collector's item in France, and Mr. Kenber probably has the most important personal collection. They are indeed often mistaken for strainers!

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swarter
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Registered: May 2003

iconnumber posted 08-04-2004 05:53 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for swarter     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Here is the cover:


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akgdc

Posts: 289
Registered: Sep 2001

iconnumber posted 08-05-2004 12:49 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for akgdc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Thanks, kayvee ... those are some gorgeous spoons! Have you seen the exhibition? Maybe I can see it - I'll be in France next month.

The book looks like it's worth ordering in any case.

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kayvee
unregistered
iconnumber posted 08-05-2004 08:51 AM           Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Yes, I was lucky enough to see the exhibit. It will be going to France, to a provincial museum, but unfortunately I can't remember the city. The catalog is available in the Louvre Museum bookshop and might be less expensive there than ordering it by mail, if your suitcase can take the weight. Bon voyage!

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akgdc

Posts: 289
Registered: Sep 2001

iconnumber posted 08-05-2004 10:02 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for akgdc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Great, thanks. By the way, I hope you register and join this forum. It would be nice to have another aficionado (or should I say, "amateur"?) of French silver to participate in our online discussions.

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swarter
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iconnumber posted 08-05-2004 12:47 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for swarter     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I am not exactly sure how sugar sifters were used, but I note that none of the examples on the cover have a delicate expanded lip like Doc's example, which would seem subject to damage while digging or scooping into a bowl of sugar; it also looks rather small to have sugar poured into it without spilling over the edge. Also the illustrated examples all have broad sturdy spoon-like handles, while the one in queation has a narrow, straight sided ferrule. A wood handle would probably be tapered, so there was most likely a straight, slender whalebone (baleen) handle affixed, which would be like those on punch and toddy ladles, and not particularly strong. It would seem that this would be more suitable for skimming the surface of a liquid like a fruit punch to strain out citrus pulp, leaves, or other floating debris, so I will vote with wev and go with Doc's original guess on this one, until shown otherwise.

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doc

Posts: 728
Registered: Jul 2003

iconnumber posted 08-05-2004 03:14 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for doc     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
As Swarter noted, the edge is quite delicate-in fact, there are two small breaks around the edges, which do not show well in the photo. I also noted the thickness of the handles of other sugar sifters that folks have shown. The place where the handle attached to this bowl is quite small and is more like what I have seen on Scottish or Irish ladles with very long baleen handles (hence my original thought about baleen).

Thanks to all for their advice and suggestions-what a great thread!


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kayvee
unregistered
iconnumber posted 08-05-2004 06:48 PM           Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I'd like to add a bit of information about the use of sugar sifters in 18th and 19th C. France. Sugar came in a cone-shaped block or "loaf," that was scraped, shaved or crumbled into a sugar bowl. The sugar in the bowl was therefore not as finely granulated as today's sugar, so a pierced spoon was necessary to scoop, sift and sprinkle the sugar. Sugar was passed after the 4th service in wealthy homes to be sprinkled on cut up fruit, particularly berries. The smell of sugared fresh fruit was considered to be especially agreeable. Louis XIV had such a great fondness for strawberries he ate himself sick when they were served, but I digress. Sugar also was sprinkled into the "exotic" beverages of the time - coffee, tea, and chocolate. A fun source for 18th C. French eating habits is by R. Jousselin, "Au Covert du Roi."

French pierced work of the 18th C. is considered to be the finest, as you can see from the examples on the catalog cover. Note the armorials worked into the center of the bowl of spoon #1 and the monogram in the bowl of spoon #2. The spoons have a stylistic evolution. The earliest are more geometric and static in design and the later ones are very animated (spoon #4.) There are also regional variations in the style of the piercing. The catalog has detailed information about styles.

In the 19th C. sugar sifters became shorter and smaller, and the pierced work was not as masterful. Often the 19th C. sifters are gold-washed. You find 19th C. examples as part of a standard bonbon set including a sugar sifter, bonbon spoon, candied fruit fork, and nougat paddle.

In North America, those not familiar with the function of sugar sifters often mistake them for strainers.

In 18th and 19th C. France sugar also was served from casters, and you find sugar nips too, but that is a whole other story.

I agree that doc's piece is probably not a sugar sifter due to the shape of the rim.


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middletom

Posts: 467
Registered: May 2004

iconnumber posted 08-08-2004 03:17 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for middletom     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
If I may enter this fray, my wife says that Doc's piece looks more like a server of fruit that has been preserved, served at the table in a bowl from which each diner took some, the juices draining out the perforations. The large size of the holes would not be a problem with peaches, pears or such. What do you think?

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bilgi

Posts: 20
Registered: Aug 2004

iconnumber posted 08-25-2004 05:35 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for bilgi     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Hi,
My name is Bilgi Kenber and as I have seen that me and my book on XVIIIth century french silver sifting spoons were mentioned on the occasion of the question, perhaps I can bring in some clarifications.

Similar sugar sifting spoons were produced in France and Belgium during the early XIXth around 1809-1838 and in Holland even earlier. Although my book deals with XVIIIth century pieces, the exhibition in Antwerp included some 25 pieces of later dates.

The enclose photos (moderator: It's the first time I am in the forum, how can I attach photos???) are of 2 spoons of the subject dates:the one on the left in gilt silver and has a flower basket piercing with bowl dimensions of 3 1/8 by 2 5/8. The one on the right is somewhat similar to the photo of the question in regard to the handle which in my case is ebony.

Now coming to the questioned article it may well be a sugar sifter or a so called "punch" spoon depending on the depth, if it is very deep (this is never mentioned) it might be the latter.

Regarding the the silver marks, I cannot pronounce myself without seeing them, but I can only mention that in the book "Nederlands Klein Silver en schepwerk 1650-1880" of B.W.G.Wttewall, dealing with Dutch silver, similar examples can be found in pages 218-225.
By the way I have three points to add:

    The first is that I just came to find out about this forum and just registered.

    The second is: The next exhibition on sugar sifting spoons will be held in the city of Niort in France next summer.

    And the third is to: kayvee
    I see that you are quite knowledgeable on the french silver etc. If you are in France perhaps we can meet sometime to exchange ideas (in fact I don't know if this is permitted by the forum- moderator ???).


I don't know if my e-mail address appears with the reply so I give it below:
bilgi@wanadoo.fr

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Scott Martin
Forum Master

Posts: 11520
Registered: Apr 93

iconnumber posted 08-25-2004 06:17 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Scott Martin     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Welcome,

Although posting photos is pretty easy (see How to Post Photos)..... To get things moving please send me the photos via e-mail Info@SMPub.com . Depending on when the photos arrive, I may not have the time to post them until tonight.

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Scott Martin
Forum Master

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iconnumber posted 08-26-2004 09:37 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Scott Martin     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote

This tread is getting a little long and becuase of all the phto can take a while to load. It is time to close this thread and continue it in a new thread. Click here to go the continuation.

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